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Fixture 84scheduledGW 9

Coventry City v Sunderland

market prices held
Expected goals0.72 — 1.04
Expected points1.07 — 1.58
Over 2.525.9%fair 3.86
Both score34.1%fair 2.93
Most likely0-018.3%
Markets priced27
Ch 01 · Outcome

Match result

The bar is the model's probability; the caret on the same scale is the market's, with the margin removed. The distance between them is the disagreement.

OutcomeModel fill · market caretProbFairΔ mkt
COV24.1%4.16−6.5 pp
Draw34.7%2.88+5.6 pp
SUN41.3%2.42+0.9 pp
Ch 02 · Book

27 markets

dixon_coles xi001-20261102

Model fair prices, computed as 1 / probability from a Dixon-Coles score matrix. No bookmaker margin is included, and no bookmaker is quoting these. A real price will be shorter than every number here.

Thin sample

Coventry City has only 8 completed matches in the training window, so its fitted strength is imprecise. Treat the long prices in this book as arithmetic rather than information: a real bookmaker would quote a much shorter price on the outsider.

Matches behind each fit: Coventry City 8 · Sunderland 46
Match result
Coventry City24.4%4.09
Draw34.2%2.92
Sunderland41.4%2.42
Double chance
Coventry City or draw58.6%1.71
Coventry City or Sunderland65.8%1.52
Draw or Sunderland75.6%1.32
Draw no bet
Coventry City37.1%2.69
Sunderland62.9%1.59
A draw returns the stake, so these prices exclude it.
Win to nil
Coventry City17.3%5.78
Sunderland30.0%3.33
Clean sheet
Coventry City34.9%2.87
Sunderland47.6%2.10
Ch 03 · Reasoning

What is driving this

computed, not generated

Computed arithmetic, not generated text. Each driver is a stored quantity: the Elo difference replayed from results, points per game over the last five matches, rolling expected goals, and each absent player's share of team expected goals.

Recent form1.20 against 0.20 points per game
Favours COV. last 5 and 5 completed matches: LLWWL against DLLLL
Home advantage+60 Elo equivalent
Favours COV. the football default is around 100 Elo points, but Premier League home advantage fell during the crowdless 2020/21 season and settled lower afterwards, so the ratings carry a smaller term
Underlying expected goals+0.34 net xG per match
Favours COV. COV -0.58, SUN -0.92 across the form window — results are noisier than the chances behind them
Unavailable players25% home against 22% away xG missing
Favours SUN. 6 out and 4 doubtful for COV, 6 out and 5 doubtful for SUN; measured as the share of recent expected goals those players contributed
Team rating gap-34 Elo
Favours SUN. COV 1476 against SUN 1510, computed from stored results; an Elo-driven model scores RPS around 0.2015 on this league against roughly 0.194 for de-vigged closing odds
Ch 04 · Comparison

Both sides

COV
LLWWL
13 Sept – 24 Oct
SUN
LLLLD
12 Sept – 25 Oct
1.20Points per game0.20
6Goals for3
10Goals against11
4.95Expected goals7.17
1,476Elo1,510

Head to head over 2 meetings in the seasons held (Premier League from 2021-22, Championship from 2024-25): COV 1, drawn 1, SUN 0. Cup ties and earlier seasons are not included, so a full-history site will show more.

Ch 05 · Market

Bookmaker prices

Real bookmaker prices, collected from published market data.

MarketSelectionBestBookImpliedN
h2haway2.48Betfair40.3%49
h2hdraw3.50Unibet (SE)28.6%49
h2hhome3.30Betfair Exchange30.3%49
Ch 06 · Availability

Coventry City

25.2% xG out

Share of attacking output is what moves the number, so it is shown rather than implied.

AwoniyiFWDsuspended0%21.0% xG
Suspended until 19 Oct
AmendaDEFinjured0%0.2% xG
Calf injury - Unknown return date
DovinGKPunavailable0%
not included in squad.
EcclesMIDinjured0%
Ankle injury - Unknown return date
WoolfendenDEFinjured0%
Knee injury - Unknown return date
WrightFWDinjured0%
Thigh injury - Unknown return date
ThomasDEFdoubtful50%7.2% xG
Calf injury - 50% chance of playing
OnyekaMIDdoubtful50%0.7% xG
Hand injury - 50% chance of playing
van EwijkDEFdoubtful75%0.1% xG
Hamstring injury - 75% chance of playing
Kesler-HaydenDEFdoubtful75%
Hamstring injury - 75% chance of playing
Ch 06 · Availability

Sunderland

21.7% xG out

Share of attacking output is what moves the number, so it is shown rather than implied.

BallardDEFinjured0%2.3% xG
Hamstring injury - Unknown return date
DansoDEFsuspended0%2.3% xG
Suspended until 31 Oct
MundleMIDinjured0%1.3% xG
Knee injury - Unknown return date
ReinildoDEFsuspended0%0.2% xG
Suspended until 10 Oct
AldereteDEFsuspended0%0.2% xG
Suspended until 21 Nov
AdingraMIDinjured0%
Ankle injury - Unknown return date
BrobbeyFWDdoubtful75%26.1% xG
Hamstring injury - 75% chance of playing
IsidorFWDdoubtful50%12.7% xG
Knock - 50% chance of playing
MukieleDEFdoubtful75%6.2% xG
Concussion - 75% chance of playing
MeunierDEFdoubtful75%3.7% xG
Groin injury - 75% chance of playing
and 1 more
Ch 07 · Simulation

Re-price without a player

Removing a player scales that side's expected goals by their share of recent attacking output, then rebuilds the score matrix. Every market moves together.

Ch 08 · Briefing

Written summary

generated text

Written by gpt-5.6-terra from the numbers above, which it cannot add to or override.

Sunderland lead the model’s 1X2 ratings at 41.9%, with the draw at 34.8% and Coventry City at 23.3%. The market is close on Sunderland at 41.2%, but rates Coventry higher at 30.1% and the draw lower at 28.7%. The model therefore leans more towards a draw and less towards a Coventry win than the market. Expected goals are 0.7 for Coventry and 1.04 for Sunderland. That supports a low-scoring profile: over 2.5 goals is rated at 25.3%, while both teams scoring is 33.3%. Coventry’s last 5 matches produced 6 goals and 10 conceded, from 5.0 xG and 7.8 xG against. Sunderland have 3 scored and 11 conceded, with 7.2 xG for and 11.8 against. Neither side has a listed missing player with a measured attacking-output share. There are 10 further unmeasured absentees for each team, so their effect cannot be quantified. The model scorecard does not beat the closing market.

Ch 09 · Divergence

Where the model differs from a price

Shown with the model's own record, because that is what decides how much these are worth.

h2h drawmodel 34.7% vs 3.50 (Best available)+21.4 ppstake 2.0%medium confidence
Ch 10 · Calibration

How this model actually scores

Dixon-Coles bivariate Poisson fitted to Premier League results with exponential time decay. Statistical model, no language model involved.

loses to closing market2,281 out-of-sample fixtures
MetricModelMarketΔ
Ranked probability score0.20470.1965+0.0082
Log loss0.98820.9623+0.0259
Brier0.58830.5711+0.0172
Accuracy52.5%54.8%−2.3 pp

Lower is better for the first three. These probabilities are for reading a fixture, not for expecting profit against closing prices. What these numbers mean